Wave washers, also known as wave springs or coiled wave springs, are used to absorb stress due to axial compressive loads, acting as a cushion. The waves of the wave washer provide three-, four- or six-point contact that results in greater load bearing capacity and a medium range of deflection. The height and material thickness determine the load function.
Wave washers are typically used in thrust loading applications for small deflections, particularly where radial space is limited. Wave washers can help offset tolerance deviations in the assembly process and reduce loosening due to vibration.