Manufacturing high-quality products on a consistent basis is never easy. This is especially true for complex products used in consumer, business and industrial electronics. Manufacturers of these items typically focus on two things to optimize quality: using error-free parts and making sure that electrostatic discharge (ESD) doesn’t damage the parts prior to assembly.
However, there are two main problems related to ESD. The first one is it’s invisible. For example, a discharge of just 100 volts is well below the level that humans can sense, but it can still cause immediate and total part failure.