All automated equipment consists of three fundamental components: a point of operation, a power transmission device and operating controls. However, safeguarding needs vary widely due to different physical characteristics and operator involvement.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, Washington, DC) maintains an extensive Web site that addresses machine safety issues and concerns. To find out more, click www.osha.gov/SLTC/machineguarding/index.html

The National Safety Council (Itasca, IL) recently issued a revised edition of Safeguarding Concepts Illustrated. The book provides a wealth of safeguarding methods that can protect workers from the hazards inherent in operating machines and equipment. It details the common types of exposures, in addition to general safeguarding concepts and techniques. For more details, click www.nsc.org